Cystic Fibrosis FAQ
What causes cystic fibrosis?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the production of the protein responsible for maintaining the balance of salt and water on the body's cells.
What are the common symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
The most common symptoms include persistent cough with phlegm, frequent lung infections, poor growth, and difficulty gaining weight despite a good appetite.
How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed?
Cystic fibrosis is diagnosed through a sweat test, genetic testing, and other specialized tests to measure lung function and assess digestive system function.
Is there a cure for cystic fibrosis?
Currently, there is no cure for cystic fibrosis, but treatments and therapies can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life.
What is the life expectancy of someone with cystic fibrosis?
Advancements in treatments have improved the life expectancy for people with cystic fibrosis. Many patients now live into their 30s and 40s, and some even into their 50s.
Can cystic fibrosis be passed from parents to children?
Yes, cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning both parents must pass on a faulty gene for a child to be affected.
What are the available treatment options for cystic fibrosis?
Treatment may include medications to improve lung function, physical therapy to clear mucus from the lungs, enzyme supplements to aid digestion, and, in some cases, lung transplant.
How does cystic fibrosis affect the lungs?
Cystic fibrosis causes the mucus in the airways to become thick and sticky, making it difficult to clear bacteria. This can lead to frequent lung infections and progressive lung damage.
How does cystic fibrosis affect the digestive system?
The thick mucus can block the ducts of the pancreas, preventing digestive enzymes from reaching the intestines, which can lead to malnutrition and poor growth.
Is it safe for people with cystic fibrosis to exercise?
Regular exercise is encouraged for people with cystic fibrosis, as it can help improve lung function and overall physical condition.
How does cystic fibrosis affect fertility?
Men with cystic fibrosis may have a blocked or absent vas deferens, while women may have reduced fertility due to thickened cervical mucus. Fertility treatments are available for those affected.
Can cystic fibrosis affect other organs besides the lungs and digestive system?
Cystic fibrosis can also affect the liver, sinuses, and reproductive system, leading to complications such as liver disease, nasal polyps, and infertility.
What is the impact of cystic fibrosis on mental health?
Living with a chronic illness like cystic fibrosis can have an impact on mental health, leading to anxiety, depression, and overall stress. It's important for patients to have access to psychological support.
How can I support a loved one with cystic fibrosis?
Offering understanding, encouragement, and a willingness to learn about the condition can make a meaningful difference in supporting a loved one with cystic fibrosis.
Are there any support groups or communities for people with cystic fibrosis?
Yes, there are various support groups and communities where people with cystic fibrosis and their families can connect, share experiences, and find emotional support.
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Information provided by Dr. Tekeste Etay Teka. Reviewed by Dr. Mohamed El Khouly