Melioidosis FAQ
What causes Melioidosis?
Melioidosis is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, found in soil and water in certain regions.
How is Melioidosis transmitted?
The infection can enter the body through inhalation of contaminated dust or water droplets, or through skin abrasions.
What are the symptoms of Melioidosis?
Symptoms vary widely and can include fever, cough, chest pain, headaches, joint pain, seizures, and confusion.
How is Melioidosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is often made through blood or sputum cultures, as well as imaging tests to detect organ involvement.
Is Melioidosis treatable?
Yes, Melioidosis is treatable with antibiotics, but it often requires a prolonged course of treatment.
Can Melioidosis be prevented?
Preventive measures include avoiding contact with soil and water in high-risk areas and practicing good wound care.
Is Melioidosis contagious between people?
No, Melioidosis does not spread from person to person.
What are the complications of Melioidosis?
Severe cases can lead to pneumonia, septic shock, and multiple organ failure.
Can Melioidosis recur?
It is possible for Melioidosis to recur, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
What is the prognosis for Melioidosis?
Early and proper treatment improves the prognosis, but severe cases can be life-threatening.
Are there specific populations at higher risk of Melioidosis?
Those with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or weakened immune systems are at higher risk.
Is travel to endemic areas safe?
Travelers to endemic regions should take precautions to avoid exposure to the bacterium, especially if they have underlying health conditions.
Can pets transmit Melioidosis?
While rare, pets can become infected, so it's important to practice good hygiene and avoid contact with potentially contaminated materials.
Can Melioidosis cause long-term health problems?
In some cases, Melioidosis can lead to long-term complications, particularly in individuals with severe infections.
Is there ongoing research on Melioidosis treatment?
Yes, ongoing research seeks to develop better diagnostic tools and more effective treatments for Melioidosis.
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Information provided by Dr. Tekeste Etay Teka. Reviewed by Dr. Mohamed El Khouly