Misoprostol
Misoprostol (Cytotec) is a prostaglandin E1 analogue used to prevent stomach ulcers caused by NSAIDs. Because it also makes the womb contract, doctors use it to complete an early miscarriage and, usually after mifepristone, to end an early pregnancy. This page lists Cytotec, the branded tablet form of the ingredient.
Medicine containing Misoprostol
Key points
- Cytotec is the originator brand, first developed by Searle, and is now available as a generic tablet.
- The tablet comes in two strengths (100mcg and 200mcg) to suit different prevention needs.
- Misoprostol reduces stomach acid and strengthens the stomach’s protective lining to prevent ulcers.
- It can end a pregnancy, so it must never be taken in a pregnancy that is to continue.
Misoprostol is listed for Nsaid-induced Gastric Ulcer Prevention and Miscarriage. The Cytotec tablet is the only formulation in this catalogue and is categorised under Women’s Health and Digestive Health.
Misoprostol in pregnancy care
After an early miscarriage, when a scan shows the tissue has not passed, misoprostol helps the womb empty without surgery. In a medical abortion it usually follows mifepristone a day or two later, up to about nine weeks after the last period; the WHO abortion care guideline also lists misoprostol alone as an option. Either use needs a scan first, to date the pregnancy and rule out an ectopic pregnancy, which misoprostol does not treat. It is not suitable with an IUD in place, a bleeding disorder, severe asthma, adrenal problems, or steroid or blood-thinning medicines. Get help at once for more than two soaked pads an hour or a fever over 38°C, and keep the follow-up test: the pregnancy is not fully passed in up to 4 in 100 abortions.
Further reading
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